How many seeds can one Centaurea stoebe (Spotted Knapweed) produce?

One Centaurea stoebe, commonly known as Spotted Knapweed, can produce an impressive number of seeds, typically around 40,000 seeds per plant. This high seed production capability contributes to the plant's invasive nature, allowing it to establish quickly and outcompete native vegetation in disturbed areas. The ability to produce such a large number of seeds in a single growing season enhances its spread and makes it difficult to manage in areas where it is not desired. Understanding this prolific reproductive capacity is crucial for planning effective control measures in areas infested with Spotted Knapweed.